Indigenous communities across the world have accumulated considerable wealth of traditional knowledge and other forms of intangible heritage, passed down through generations. Among these communities, the Adivasi communities of India have a high tradition of ancient knowledge, unique forms of art, literature, and complex forms of mythology. However, the very existence of these forms of intangible heritage is threatened by the unprecedented menace of bio piracy, cultural appropriation, and exploitation of the same for commercial and economic gain. This paper seeks to examine the role of intellectual property rights as a tool to protect the traditional knowledge of the Adivasi communities.